Archduke

(Fr. Archiduc , It. Arciduca, Sp. Archiduque, Port. Arquiduque, Ger. Erzherzog)

Although first used in the mid-8th century by the Franks for the rulers of Austrasia, the title was seldom used until it was adopted by the Duchy of Austria for its rulers in the 14th century. However the title was not officially recognised until 1453 when Emperor Frederick III was crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

From the 16th century onward, archduke or its female form, archduchess, was adopted by all the members of the House of Habsburg in the same way as Grand Duke/Grand Duchess was used by the House of Romanov in Russia and the title Prince/Princess in most other royal houses.

See Nobleman

.